Improvement in breech-loading fire-arms



UNITE *mijns ArnN Erica,

B. F. JOSLYN, onwononsrnn, MASSACHUSETTS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 13,507, dated August 28,1855

h To all whom int-may concern,.-

Beit knownthat I, BENJAMIN F. JosLYN, of..the.city of Worcester, county of Worcester, and-.State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Breech-Loading Fire-Arms; and I'do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and

exact description of the same, reference being hadto the accompanyingdr'awings, whichform a part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 is ase'ctional view of suiiicient of a fire-arm to show my improvements, and in Fig.',2 are several detached views of the pin and expanding rings.

This invention relates to lire-arms which are loaded' at the breech; and it consists in' furnishing the radial or lhinged breech with a pinlwhich,is allowed to have a longitudinal movement against a spring 'in the said breech, but is prevented from .turning therein. This pin 'has a conical head embracedy by metallic expanding rings, whichnvhen the radialbreech is Idown and the cartridge inserted.. penetrate a slight distance into and t againstthe interior Qf the barrel, the cartridge bearing directly against the end ofthe pin, so that when the powder is ,ignited the sudden expansion of gasdrives the pin toward the interior of the radial breech, the cone end' at the same time causing the-rings to expand and t tight to the interior of the barrel, thus rendering the latter air and and causing the explosive force to be more efficient.

To enable .others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will now proceed to describe. its construction and'operation'.

A vis-the barrel of the firearm; B, ayportion ofthe stock; c, the radial breech connected to the barrel by the joint F. Theprd jecting part D of the breech fits (when down) at one end against the inclined inside of the stock, the other end bearing against the end of the barrel. Y

Within the piece D, and central with the bore ofthe barrel, is the pin E, one end of which bears against the spiral spring a,- the tapered end projecting al short distance` into the barrel. The ringsGandE/I are 'turned on Y to both gas tight at the breech,`

- the loutside edges, so as tout the interior of the end of thel barrel, the inside-'being cone- .shaped and fitting accurately thehead of the 'pin E. These rings are cut across in oney place, as seen in Fig. 2, so as to allow them toexpand and contract after-the manner of me.- t tallic rings in the pistons of steamengines,the 1 small pin or dowel b maintaining them in such a position with each other that the cut or opening of one `ring does not coincide with that of the other. 'A smallpin, yscrewed into the lower part of the projection D,1its with n .its point into the slot in the pin E, so as to. prevent the latter from turning, at the sametime yallowing it a slight longitudinal movement. rThe radial breech C with its pin and ringsbeing raised, as shown in red lines, the cartridge may be inserted into the end of the barrel, and the radial breech againbrought downto the position shown in the drawing, when the fire-arm is ready to be discharged. The powder being ignited by any of the ordinary contrivances, the first instantaneous act of the expanded air and gas willbe to drive the pin E toward the interior of the projection D on the breech C, and as the rings are prevented from moving back/Ward by the end of the` said projection, it necessarily follows that the coned head of the pin must cause the rings to expand, and consequently to t tight the inside of the barrel and outside of the cone head of the pin, eiiectually preventing all escape of air or gas toward the breech, and causing the explosive force to be moreI intense than in ordinary breech-loading lire-arms. Immediately after the discharge the spiral spring a by its recoil causes the pin and expanding rings to assume their for mer position.'

I claim- 4.

The combining of the conelheaded pin E and two .or more expanding rings, G and H, with the radial breech c, of breeclrloading fire- 1 arms, substantially in the manner and for the purpose specified,

' BENI. F. J OSLYN Vit/messes:

HENRY HoWsoN, WILLIAM E. WALTON. 

